What are the two houses of Congress?

The correct identification of the two houses of Congress is the House of Representatives and the Senate. This structure is outlined in the United States Constitution, which established a bicameral legislature to ensure a system of checks and balances within the federal government.

The House of Representatives is designed to represent the population, with the number of representatives from each state determined by state population, while the Senate is composed of two senators from each state, ensuring equal representation regardless of population size. This dual structure allows for a balance between populous states and less populous states, facilitating broader representation of diverse interests across the nation.

The other options listed refer to legislative bodies from different countries or incorrect combinations. The House of Lords and House of Commons are part of the British Parliament, while "The Assembly" is not a recognized part of the U.S. legislative system. These distinctions highlight the unique features of the U.S. Congress, which is integral to American governance.