What power does Congress have in relation to treaties?

Congress has the power to ratify treaties, which is a crucial function outlined in the U.S. Constitution. Once a treaty is negotiated and signed by the President, it must be submitted to the Senate for ratification. This process requires a two-thirds majority vote in the Senate, underscoring the system of checks and balances that prevents any single branch of government from wielding excessive authority.

This power to ratify ensures that both the executive and legislative branches are involved in foreign policy decisions, reflecting the belief that such significant agreements should not rest solely with the President. It's a critical aspect of ensuring democratic oversight of international commitments made by the United States. While Congress does not hold the power to negotiate treaties directly—that responsibility lies primarily with the President—its role in ratification allows it to maintain influence over the nation's foreign affairs.