Which amendment protects the right to a speedy trial?

The Sixth Amendment is pivotal in safeguarding the rights of individuals in criminal prosecutions, and one of its key provisions guarantees the right to a speedy trial. This ensures that an accused person is not subjected to prolonged detention without trial, a fundamental element of a fair judicial process. The purpose of this right is to provide timely access to the court system and prevent undue delays that could impede justice and the ability of the accused to prepare a defense.

The other amendments listed serve different purposes: the Fifth Amendment primarily deals with rights related to due process and protection against self-incrimination; the Fourth Amendment protects individuals against unreasonable searches and seizures; and the Seventh Amendment relates to the right to a jury trial in civil cases. Each has its importance, but the guarantee of a speedy trial specifically falls under the protections laid out in the Sixth Amendment, making it the correct answer in this context.