Which article of the Constitution outlines the judicial branch?

The judicial branch of the United States government is outlined in Article III of the Constitution. This article establishes the Supreme Court and grants Congress the authority to create lower federal courts. It defines the jurisdiction of these courts and ensures that judges hold their positions for life, contingent upon good behavior, thereby providing judicial independence.

Furthermore, Article III addresses the concept of treason and the requirements for trials involving such accusations. Contrary to other articles, which focus on the legislative and executive branches, Article III is specifically dedicated to the structure and function of the judiciary, making it a key component in understanding the checks and balances of the federal government.